PUBLICATION

Identification of 4 novel human ocular coloboma genes ANK3, BMPR1B, PDGFRA, and CDH4 through evolutionary conserved vertebrate gene analysis

Authors
Owen, N., Toms, M., Young, R.M., Eintracht, J., Sarkar, H., Brooks, B.P., Moosajee, M., Genomics England Research Consortium
ID
ZDB-PUB-220118-7
Date
2022
Source
Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics   24(5): 1073-1084 (Journal)
Registered Authors
Brooks, Brian P., Young, Rodrigo
Keywords
Coloboma, Congenital eye defects, Disease genetics, Genomic sequencing, Microphthalmia
Datasets
GEO:GSE159822
MeSH Terms
  • Animals
  • Ankyrins/genetics
  • Ankyrins/metabolism
  • Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type I/genetics
  • Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type I/metabolism
  • Coloboma*/genetics
  • Genetic Testing
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Microphthalmos*/genetics
  • Phenotype
  • Zebrafish/genetics
PubMed
35034853 Full text @ Genet. Med.
Abstract
Ocular coloboma arises from genetic or environmental perturbations that inhibit optic fissure (OF) fusion during early eye development. Despite high genetic heterogeneity, 70% to 85% of patients remain molecularly undiagnosed. In this study, we have identified new potential causative genes using cross-species comparative meta-analysis.
Evolutionarily conserved differentially expressed genes were identified through in silico analysis, with in situ hybridization, gene knockdown, and rescue performed to confirm spatiotemporal gene expression and phenotype. Interrogation of the 100,000 Genomes Project for putative pathogenic variants was performed.
Nine conserved differentially expressed genes between zebrafish and mouse were identified. Expression of zebrafish ank3a, bmpr1ba/b, cdh4, and pdgfaa was localized to the OF, periocular mesenchyme cells, or ciliary marginal zone, regions traversed by the OF. Knockdown of ank3, bmpr1b, and pdgfaa revealed a coloboma and/or microphthalmia phenotype. Novel pathogenic variants in ANK3, BMPR1B, PDGFRA, and CDH4 were identified in 8 unrelated coloboma families. We showed BMPR1B rescued the knockdown phenotype but variant messenger RNAs failed, providing evidence of pathogenicity.
We show the utility of cross-species meta-analysis to identify several novel coloboma disease-causing genes. There is a potential to increase the diagnostic yield for new and unsolved patients while adding to our understanding of the genetic basis of OF morphogenesis.
Genes / Markers
Figures
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Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Antibodies
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping