PUBLICATION
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae show behavioral and embryonic development defects when exposed to opioids at embryo stage
- Authors
- Cadena, M.R.S., Cadena, P.G., Watson, M.R., Sarmah, S., Boehm, S.L., Marrs, J.A.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-210224-6
- Date
- 2021
- Source
- Neurotoxicology and teratology 85: 106964 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Marrs, James A.
- Keywords
- Codeine, Eye defect, Locomotor behavior, Morphine, Swimming activity, Zebrafish embryotoxicity
- MeSH Terms
-
- Analgesics, Opioid/toxicity*
- Animals
- Codeine/toxicity
- Larva/drug effects
- Larva/growth & development
- Morphine/toxicity
- Motor Activity/drug effects*
- Swimming
- Zebrafish/embryology
- PubMed
- 33621603 Full text @ Neurotoxicol. Teratol.
Citation
Cadena, M.R.S., Cadena, P.G., Watson, M.R., Sarmah, S., Boehm, S.L., Marrs, J.A. (2021) Zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae show behavioral and embryonic development defects when exposed to opioids at embryo stage. Neurotoxicology and teratology. 85:106964.
Abstract
Opioid abuse continues to plague society, and in recent years, there has been an epidemic, leading to increased addiction and death. It is poorly understood how prenatal opioid use affects the lives of children. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of early embryonic codeine or morphine exposure in zebrafish (Danio rerio), examining gastrulation progression (epiboly), teratogenic effects, mortality and locomotor behavior response to light/dark cycles. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to codeine or morphine (designated C or M) at 1, 5 or 10 mg/L (designated 01, 05 or 10, respectively) from 3 to 24 h postfertilization (hpf) or from 3 to 48 hpf (designated -24 or - 48 for 1 or 2 days of exposure, respectively). The C10-24, C01-48, C05-48 and C10-48 groups showed significantly smaller eyes than control larvae at 7 days postfertilization (dpf). Locomotor behavior of control larvae in light/dark cycles showed greater swimming time and distance in dark cycles. Two-day codeine exposure produced strong effects, showing no significant response due to light/dark cycles in distance moved. Morphine exposed groups showed similar effects as observed in 2-day codeine exposed groups, showing less large movement activity and also no significant difference between inactive duration in response to light/dark cycles. In conclusion, we observed low teratogenic effects and mortality effects. Animals exposed to high levels and higher exposure times of opioids were hypoactive, relative to controls, in the dark period. Future studies will be needed to understand the neural defects producing behavior changes.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping