PUBLICATION
Paracellular and Transcellular Leukocytes Diapedesis Are Divergent but Interconnected Evolutionary Events
- Authors
- Mickael, M.E., Kubick, N., Klimovich, P., Flournoy, P.H., Bieńkowska, I., Sacharczuk, M.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-210215-1
- Date
- 2021
- Source
- Genes 12(2): (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Keywords
- CAV1, PECAM1, diapedesis, paracellular, transcellular
- MeSH Terms
-
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Drosophila melanogaster/classification
- Drosophila melanogaster/cytology
- Drosophila melanogaster/genetics
- Drosophila melanogaster/metabolism
- Sharks/classification
- Sharks/genetics
- Sharks/metabolism
- Chickens/classification
- Chickens/genetics
- Chickens/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Placozoa/classification
- Placozoa/cytology
- Placozoa/genetics
- Placozoa/metabolism
- Phylogeny
- Transcellular Cell Migration/genetics*
- Pan troglodytes/classification
- Pan troglodytes/genetics
- Pan troglodytes/metabolism
- Gene Ontology
- Animals
- Petromyzon/classification
- Petromyzon/genetics
- Petromyzon/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/cytology
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism*
- Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration/genetics*
- Leukocytes/cytology
- Leukocytes/metabolism*
- Biological Evolution
- Transcriptome*
- Mice
- Blood-Brain Barrier/cytology
- Blood-Brain Barrier/metabolism
- Proteins/classification
- Proteins/genetics*
- Proteins/metabolism
- Ciona intestinalis/classification
- Ciona intestinalis/cytology
- Ciona intestinalis/genetics
- Ciona intestinalis/metabolism
- Zebrafish/classification
- Zebrafish/genetics
- Zebrafish/metabolism
- Caenorhabditis elegans/classification
- Caenorhabditis elegans/cytology
- Caenorhabditis elegans/genetics
- Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolism
- Sea Anemones/classification
- Sea Anemones/cytology
- Sea Anemones/genetics
- Sea Anemones/metabolism
- PubMed
- 33578809 Full text @ Genes (Basel)
Citation
Mickael, M.E., Kubick, N., Klimovich, P., Flournoy, P.H., Bieńkowska, I., Sacharczuk, M. (2021) Paracellular and Transcellular Leukocytes Diapedesis Are Divergent but Interconnected Evolutionary Events. Genes. 12(2):.
Abstract
Infiltration of the endothelial layer of the blood-brain barrier by leukocytes plays a critical role in health and disease. When passing through the endothelial layer during the diapedesis process lymphocytes can either follow a paracellular route or a transcellular one. There is a debate whether these two processes constitute one mechanism, or they form two evolutionary distinct migration pathways. We used artificial intelligence, phylogenetic analysis, HH search, ancestor sequence reconstruction to investigate further this intriguing question. We found that the two systems share several ancient components, such as RhoA protein that plays a critical role in controlling actin movement in both mechanisms. However, some of the key components differ between these two transmigration processes. CAV1 genes emerged during Trichoplax adhaerens, and it was only reported in transcellular process. Paracellular process is dependent on PECAM1. PECAM1 emerged from FASL5 during Zebrafish divergence. Lastly, both systems employ late divergent genes such as ICAM1 and VECAM1. Taken together, our results suggest that these two systems constitute two different mechanical sensing mechanisms of immune cell infiltrations of the brain, yet these two systems are connected. We postulate that the mechanical properties of the cellular polarity is the main driving force determining the migration pathway. Our analysis indicates that both systems coevolved with immune cells, evolving to a higher level of complexity in association with the evolution of the immune system.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping