PUBLICATION
Autophagy alleviates hypoxia-induced blood-brain barrier injury via regulation of CLDN5 (claudin 5)
- Authors
- Yang, Z., Lin, P., Chen, B., Zhang, X., Xiao, W., Wu, S., Huang, C., Feng, D., Zhang, W., Zhang, J.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-201208-53
- Date
- 2020
- Source
- Autophagy 17(10): 3048-3067 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Zhang, Jingjing
- Keywords
- Autophagy, blood-brain barrier, claudin 5, hypoxia, zebrafish
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Autophagy/physiology
- Blood-Brain Barrier*/metabolism
- Claudin-5/genetics
- Claudin-5/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells*/metabolism
- Humans
- Hypoxia
- Zebrafish/metabolism
- PubMed
- 33280500 Full text @ Autophagy
Citation
Yang, Z., Lin, P., Chen, B., Zhang, X., Xiao, W., Wu, S., Huang, C., Feng, D., Zhang, W., Zhang, J. (2020) Autophagy alleviates hypoxia-induced blood-brain barrier injury via regulation of CLDN5 (claudin 5). Autophagy. 17(10):3048-3067.
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption is a key event in triggering secondary damage to the central nervous system (CNS) under stroke, and is frequently associated with abnormal macroautophagy/autophagy in brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs). However, the underlying mechanism of autophagy in maintaining BBB integrity remains unclear. Here we report that in BMECs of patients suffering stroke, CLDN5 (claudin 5) abnormally aggregates in the cytosol accompanied by autophagy activation. In vivo zebrafish and in vitro cell studies reveal that BBB breakdown is partially caused by CAV1 (caveolin 1)-mediated redistribution of membranous CLDN5 into the cytosol under hypoxia. Meanwhile, autophagy is activated and contributes mainly to the degradation of CAV1 and aggregated CLDN5 in the cytosol of BMECs, therefore alleviating BBB breakdown. Blockage of autophagy by genetic methods or chemicals aggravates cytosolic aggregation of CLDN5, resulting in severer BBB impairment. These data demonstrate that autophagy functions in the protection of BBB integrity by regulating CLDN5 redistribution and provide a potential therapeutic strategy for BBB disorder-related cerebrovascular disease. Abbreviations: BBB: blood-brain barrier; BECN1: beclin 1; BMEC: brain microvascular endothelial cell; CAV1: caveolin 1; CCA: common carotid artery; CLDN5: claudin 5; CNS: central nervous system; CQ: chloroquine; HIF1A: hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha; MCAO: middle cerebral artery occlusion-reperfusion; OCLN: occludin; ROS: reactive oxygen species; STED: stimulated emission depletion; TEER: trans-endothelial electrical resistance; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TJ: tight junction; TJP1: tight junction protein 1; UPS: ubiquitin-proteasome system.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping