PUBLICATION
Determination of toxic effects of Hystrix Brachyura Bezoar extracts using cancer cell lines and embryo zebrafish (Danio rerio) models and identification of active principles through GC-MS analysis
- Authors
- Firus Khan, A.Y., Ahmed, Q.U., Nippun, T.S., Hilles, A., Jalal, T.K., Kek, T.L., Salleh, M.Z., Noor, S.M., Seeni, A., Khatib, A., Wahab, R.A.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-200731-10
- Date
- 2020
- Source
- Journal of ethnopharmacology 262: 113138 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Keywords
- Hystrix brachyura, Porcupine bezoar, in vitro anticancer effect, traditional medicine, zebrafish toxicity
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/analysis
- Antineoplastic Agents/isolation & purification
- Antineoplastic Agents/toxicity*
- Bezoars*
- Biological Factors/analysis
- Biological Factors/isolation & purification
- Biological Factors/toxicity*
- Brachyura
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Embryonic Development/drug effects*
- Embryonic Development/physiology
- Female
- Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods*
- HeLa Cells
- Humans
- MCF-7 Cells
- Male
- Porcupines*
- Zebrafish
- PubMed
- 32726681 Full text @ J. Ethnopharmacol.
Citation
Firus Khan, A.Y., Ahmed, Q.U., Nippun, T.S., Hilles, A., Jalal, T.K., Kek, T.L., Salleh, M.Z., Noor, S.M., Seeni, A., Khatib, A., Wahab, R.A. (2020) Determination of toxic effects of Hystrix Brachyura Bezoar extracts using cancer cell lines and embryo zebrafish (Danio rerio) models and identification of active principles through GC-MS analysis. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 262:113138.
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance Porcupine bezoar (PB) is used as folk medicine for various medical conditions including cancer treatment in Malaysia. However, its toxicity profile has never been thoroughly ascertained to confirm its safe nature as an efficacious traditional medicine in the treatment of cancer as well as other ailments.
Aim of the study This study was aimed to reveal three different PBs' aqueous extracts(viz. PB-A, PB-B, PB-C) chemical constituent's profile using GC-MS analysis, anticancer property on A375, HeLa and MCF7 cancer cells, toxicity profile on zebrafish embryo morphology, EC50, LC50 and teratogenicity index.
Materials and methods PBs' extracts characterization was performed through GC-MS analysis, in vitro anticancer effect was carried out on A375, HeLa and MCF7 cancer cell lines and finally and toxicity properties on three different PBs aqueous extracts (viz. PB-A, PB-B, PB-C) were determined using zebrafish embryo model.
Results The GC-MS analysis revealed 10 similar compounds in all PBs' extracts. Dilauryl thiodipropionate was found to be a major compound in all PBs' extracts followed by tetradecanoic acid. An in vitro anticancer study revealed PB extracts exerted median inhibition concentration (IC50) <50 μg/mL, on cancer cells viz. A375, HeLa and MCF7 with no significant toxicity on normal cells viz. NHDF cells. In vivo toxicity of PBs extracts found affecting tail detachment, hatching, craniofacial, brain morphology, soft tissues, edema, spinal, somites, notochord and cardiovascular system (brachycardia, disruption of blood circulation) deformities. The LC50 and EC50 demonstrated PB extracts effect as dose and time dependent with median concentration <150.0 μg/mL. Additionally, teratogenicity index (TI) viz. >1.0 revealed teratogenic property for PB extracts.
Conclusions The findings revealed that all three PBs aqueous extracts possessed anticancer activity and exhibited significant toxicological effects on zebrafish embryos with high teratogenicity index. Hence, its use as an anticancer agent requires further investigation and medical attentions to determine its safe dose.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping