PUBLICATION
Comparison of zebrafish and mice knockouts for Megalencephalic Leukoencephalopathy proteins indicates that GlialCAM/MLC1 forms a functional unit
- Authors
- Pérez-Rius, C., Folgueira, M., Elorza-Vidal, X., Alia, A., Hoegg-Beiler, M.B., Eeza, M.N.H., Díaz, M.L., Nunes, V., Barrallo-Gimeno, A., Estévez, R.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-191123-3
- Date
- 2019
- Source
- Orphanet journal of rare diseases 14: 268 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Barrallo Gimeno, Alejandro, Folgueira Otero, Monica
- Keywords
- Astrocyte, GLIALCAM, MLC1, Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy, Myelin, Zebrafish
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Astrocytes/metabolism
- Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuron-Glia/genetics
- Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuron-Glia/metabolism*
- Loss of Function Mutation/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism*
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Mutation
- Myelin Sheath/genetics
- Myelin Sheath/metabolism*
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism*
- Zebrafish
- Zebrafish Proteins/metabolism
- PubMed
- 31752924 Full text @ Orphanet J Rare Dis
Citation
Pérez-Rius, C., Folgueira, M., Elorza-Vidal, X., Alia, A., Hoegg-Beiler, M.B., Eeza, M.N.H., Díaz, M.L., Nunes, V., Barrallo-Gimeno, A., Estévez, R. (2019) Comparison of zebrafish and mice knockouts for Megalencephalic Leukoencephalopathy proteins indicates that GlialCAM/MLC1 forms a functional unit. Orphanet journal of rare diseases. 14:268.
Abstract
Background Megalencephalic Leukoencephalopathy with subcortical Cysts (MLC) is a rare type of leukodystrophy characterized by astrocyte and myelin vacuolization, epilepsy and early-onset macrocephaly. MLC is caused by mutations in MLC1 or GLIALCAM, coding for two membrane proteins with an unknown function that form a complex specifically expressed in astrocytes at cell-cell junctions. Recent studies in Mlc1-/- or Glialcam-/- mice and mlc1-/- zebrafish have shown that MLC1 regulates glial surface levels of GlialCAM in vivo and that GlialCAM is also required for MLC1 expression and localization at cell-cell junctions.
Methods We have generated and analysed glialcama-/- zebrafish. We also generated zebrafish glialcama-/- mlc1-/- and mice double KO for both genes and performed magnetic resonance imaging, histological studies and biochemical analyses.
Results glialcama-/- shows megalencephaly and increased fluid accumulation. In both zebrafish and mice, this phenotype is not aggravated by additional elimination of mlc1. Unlike mice, mlc1 protein expression and localization are unaltered in glialcama-/- zebrafish, possibly because there is an up-regulation of mlc1 mRNA. In line with these results, MLC1 overexpressed in Glialcam-/- mouse primary astrocytes is located at cell-cell junctions.
Conclusions This work indicates that the two proteins involved in the pathogenesis of MLC, GlialCAM and MLC1, form a functional unit, and thus, that loss-of-function mutations in these genes cause leukodystrophy through a common pathway.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping