PUBLICATION

Chlorophyll Derivatives from Marine Cyanobacteria with Lipid-Reducing Activities

Authors
Freitas, S., Silva, N.G., Sousa, M.L., Ribeiro, T., Rosa, F., Leão, P.N., Vasconcelos, V., Reis, M.A., Urbatzka, R.
ID
ZDB-PUB-190422-9
Date
2019
Source
Marine drugs   17(4): (Journal)
Registered Authors
Keywords
PPAR?, anti-obesity drugs, chlorophyll derivatives, murine pre-adipocytes, zebrafish Nile red fat metabolism assay
MeSH Terms
  • Cell Line
  • Mice
  • Carrier Proteins/metabolism
  • Cyanobacteria/chemistry*
  • Chlorella/chemistry
  • Zebrafish
  • Lipid Metabolism/drug effects*
  • Animals
  • Spirulina/chemistry
  • Sirtuin 1/metabolism
  • Brassica/chemistry
  • PPAR gamma/metabolism
  • Spinacia oleracea/chemistry
  • Adipocytes/drug effects
  • Adipocytes/metabolism
  • Lipolysis
  • Chlorophyll/analogs & derivatives*
  • Chlorophyll/chemistry
  • Chlorophyll/isolation & purification
  • Chlorophyll/pharmacology*
  • 3T3-L1 Cells
  • Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I/metabolism
(all 22)
PubMed
30999602 Full text @ Mar. Drugs
Abstract
Marine organisms, particularly cyanobacteria, are important resources for the production of bioactive secondary metabolites for the treatment of human diseases. In this study, a bioassay-guided approach was used to discover metabolites with lipid-reducing activity. Two chlorophyll derivatives were successfully isolated, the previously described 132-hydroxy-pheophytin a (1) and the new compound 132-hydroxy-pheofarnesin a (2). The structure elucidation of the new compound 2 was established based on one- and two-dimensional (1D and 2D) NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Compounds 1 and 2 showed significant neutral lipid-reducing activity in the zebrafish Nile red fat metabolism assay after 48 h of exposure with a half maximal effective concentration (EC50) of 8.9 ± 0.4 µM for 1 and 15.5 ± 1.3 µM for 2. Both compounds additionally reduced neutral lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 multicellular spheroids of murine preadipocytes. Molecular profiling of mRNA expression of some target genes was evaluated for the higher potent compound 1, which indicated altered peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) mRNA expression. Lipolysis was not affected. Different food materials (Spirulina, Chlorella, spinach, and cabbage) were evaluated for the presence of 1, and the cyanobacterium Spirulina, with GRAS (generally regarded as safe) status for human consumption, contained high amounts of 1. In summary, known and novel chlorophyll derivatives were discovered from marine cyanobacteria with relevant lipid-reducing activities, which in the future may be developed into nutraceuticals.
Genes / Markers
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Human Disease / Model
Human Disease Fish Conditions Evidence
obesityTAS
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Fish
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Citation
Freitas, S., Silva, N.G., Sousa, M.L., Ribeiro, T., Rosa, F., Leão, P.N., Vasconcelos, V., Reis, M.A., Urbatzka, R. (2019) Chlorophyll Derivatives from Marine Cyanobacteria with Lipid-Reducing Activities. Marine drugs. 17(4):.