PUBLICATION

Neuromast hair cells retain the capacity of regeneration during heavy metal exposure

Authors
Montalbano, G., Capillo, G., Laurà, R., Abbate, F., Levanti, M., Guerrera, M.C., Ciriaco, E., Germanà, A.
ID
ZDB-PUB-180503-8
Date
2018
Source
Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft   218: 183-189 (Journal)
Registered Authors
Germanà, Antonino, Guerrera, Maria Cristina, Montalbano, Giuseppe
Keywords
hair cells, heavy metals, lateral line, neuromast, regeneration, zebrafish
MeSH Terms
  • Animals
  • Arsenic/toxicity
  • Cadmium/toxicity
  • Hair Cells, Auditory/physiology*
  • Hair Cells, Auditory/ultrastructure*
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Lateral Line System/anatomy & histology*
  • Lateral Line System/cytology
  • Lateral Line System/drug effects*
  • Mechanoreceptors
  • Metals, Heavy/toxicity*
  • Regeneration
  • SOX Transcription Factors
  • Zebrafish
  • Zebrafish Proteins
  • Zinc/toxicity
PubMed
29719206 Full text @ Ann. Anat.
Abstract
The neuromast is the morphological unit of the lateral line of fishes and is composed of a cluster of central sensory cells (hair cells) surrounded by support and mantle cells. Heavy metals exposure leads to disruption of hair cells within the neuromast. It is well known that the zebrafish has the ability to regenerate the hair cells after damage caused by toxicants. The process of regeneration depends on proliferation, differentiation and cellular migration of sensory and non-sensory progenitor cells. Therefore, our study was made in order to identify which cellular types are involved in the complex process of regeneration during heavy metals exposure. For this purpose, adult zebrafish were exposed to various heavy metals (Arsenic, cadmium and zinc) for 72hours. After acute (24h) exposure, immunohistochemical localization of S100 (a specific marker for hair cells) in the neuromasts highlighted the hair cells loss. The immunoreaction for Sox2 (a specific marker for stem cells), at the same time, was observed in the support and mantle cells, after exposure to arsenic and cadmium, while only in the support cells after exposure to zinc. After chronic (72h) exposure the hair cells were regenerated, showing an immunoreaction for S100 protein. At the same exposure time to the three metals, a Sox2 immunoreaction was expressed in support and mantle cells. Our results showed for the first time the regenerative capacity of hair cells, not only after, but also during exposure to heavy metals, demonstrated by the presence of different stem cells that can diversify in hair cells.
Genes / Markers
Figures
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Antibodies
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping