PUBLICATION
Evaluation of ecotoxicological effects of benzophenone UV filters: Luminescent bacteria toxicity, genotoxicity and hormonal activity
- Authors
- Zhang, Q., Ma, X., Dzakpasu, M., Wang, X.C.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-170425-3
- Date
- 2017
- Source
- Ecotoxicology and environmental safety 142: 338-347 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Keywords
- Estrogenic activity, Genotoxicity, Luminescent inhibition effect, UV filters, Zebrafish larvae
- MeSH Terms
-
- Aliivibrio fischeri/drug effects*
- Animals
- Benzophenones/chemistry
- Benzophenones/toxicity*
- Ecotoxicology
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/drug effects
- Estrogens/metabolism*
- Female
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Humans
- Larva/drug effects
- Male
- Mutagens/chemistry
- Mutagens/toxicity*
- SOS Response, Genetics/drug effects
- Salmonella typhimurium/drug effects*
- Salmonella typhimurium/genetics
- Sunscreening Agents/chemistry
- Sunscreening Agents/toxicity*
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/chemistry
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity*
- Yeasts/drug effects
- Yeasts/metabolism
- Zebrafish/embryology
- Zebrafish/genetics
- PubMed
- 28437725 Full text @ Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.
Citation
Zhang, Q., Ma, X., Dzakpasu, M., Wang, X.C. (2017) Evaluation of ecotoxicological effects of benzophenone UV filters: Luminescent bacteria toxicity, genotoxicity and hormonal activity. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety. 142:338-347.
Abstract
The widespread use of organic ultraviolet (UV) filters in personal care products raises concerns about their potentially hazardous effects on human and ecosystem health. In this study, the toxicities of four commonly used benzophenones (BPs) UV filters including benzophenone (BP), 2-Hydroxybenzophenone (2HB), 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (BP3), and 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonicacid (BP4) in water were assayed in vitro using Vibrio fischeri, SOS/umu assay, and yeast estrogen screen (YES) assay, as well as in vivo using zebrafish larvae. The results showed that the luminescent bacteria toxicity, expressed as logEC50, increased with the lipophilicity (logKow) of BPs UV filters. Especially, since 2HB, BP3 and BP4 had different substituent groups, namely -OH, -OCH3 and -SO3H, respectively, these substituent functional groups had a major contribution to the lipophilicity and acute toxicity of these BPs. Similar tendency was observed for the genotoxicity, expressed as the value of induction ratio=1.5. Moreover, all the target BPs UV filters showed estrogenic activity, but no significant influences of lipophilicity on the estrogenicity were observed, with BP3 having the weakest estrogenic efficiency in vitro. Although BP3 displayed no noticeable adverse effects in any in vitro assays, multiple hormonal activities were observed in zebrafish larvae including estrogenicity, anti-estrogenicity and anti-androgenicity by regulating the expression of target genes. The results indicated potential hazardous effects of BPs UV filters and the importance of the combination of toxicological evaluation methods including in vitro and in vivo assays.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping