PUBLICATION
Fluoride exposure abates pro-inflammatory response and induces in vivo apoptosis rendering zebrafish (Danio rerio) susceptible to bacterial infections
- Authors
- Singh, R., Khatri, P., Srivastava, N., Jain, S., Bramchari, V., Mukhopadhyay, A., Mazumder, S.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-170223-6
- Date
- 2017
- Source
- Fish & shellfish immunology 63: 314-321 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Keywords
- Apoptosis, DNA repair, Fluoride, Oxidative stress, Pro-inflammatory cytokine, Zebrafish
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Antioxidants/metabolism*
- Cytokines/genetics*
- Cytokines/metabolism
- DNA Repair/drug effects*
- Fish Proteins/genetics
- Fish Proteins/metabolism
- Fluorides/immunology
- Fluorides/toxicity*
- Gene Expression/drug effects*
- Interferon-gamma/genetics
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Interleukin-1beta/genetics
- Interleukin-1beta/metabolism
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/immunology
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity*
- Zebrafish/immunology*
- PubMed
- 28223109 Full text @ Fish Shellfish Immunol.
Citation
Singh, R., Khatri, P., Srivastava, N., Jain, S., Bramchari, V., Mukhopadhyay, A., Mazumder, S. (2017) Fluoride exposure abates pro-inflammatory response and induces in vivo apoptosis rendering zebrafish (Danio rerio) susceptible to bacterial infections. Fish & shellfish immunology. 63:314-321.
Abstract
The present study describes the immunotoxic effect of chronic fluoride exposure on adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). Zebrafish were exposed to fluoride (71.12 mg/L; 1/10 LC50) for 30 d and the expression of selected genes studied. We observed significant elevation in the detoxification pathway gene cyp1a suggesting chronic exposure to non-lethal concentration of fluoride is indeed toxic to fish. Fluoride mediated pro-oxidative stress is implicated with the downregulation in superoxide dismutase 1 and 2 (sod1/2) genes. Fluoride affected DNA repair machinery by abrogating the expression of the DNA repair gene rad51 and growth arrest and DNA damage inducible beta a gene gadd45ba. The upregulated expression of casp3a coupled with altered Bcl-2 associated X protein/B-cell lymphoma 2 ratio (baxa/bcl2a) clearly suggested chronic fluoride exposure induced the apoptotic cascade in zebrafish. Fluoride-exposed zebrafish when challenged with non-lethal dose of fish pathogen A. hydrophila revealed gross histopathology in spleen, bacterial persistence and significant mortality. We report that fluoride interferes with system-level output of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β and interferon-γ, as a consequence, bacteria replicate efficiently causing significant fish mortality. We conclude, chronic fluoride exposure impairs the redox balance, affects DNA repair machinery with pro-apoptotic implications and suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokines expression abrogating host immunity to bacterial infections.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping