PUBLICATION
Loss-of-Function Mutations in ELMO2 Cause Intraosseous Vascular Malformation by Impeding RAC1 Signaling
- Authors
- Cetinkaya, A., Xiong, J.R., Vargel, İ., Kösemehmetoğlu, K., Canter, H.İ., Gerdan, Ö.F., Longo, N., Alzahrani, A., Camps, M.P., Taskiran, E.Z., Laupheimer, S., Botto, L.D., Paramalingam, E., Gormez, Z., Uz, E., Yuksel, B., Ruacan, Ş., Sağıroğlu, M.Ş., Takahashi, T., Reversade, B., Akarsu, N.A.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-160802-7
- Date
- 2016
- Source
- American journal of human genetics 99(2): 299-317 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- REVERSADE, Bruno, Takahashi, Tokiharu
- Keywords
- none
- MeSH Terms
-
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/deficiency
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics*
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Adult
- Alleles
- Animals
- Bone and Bones/blood supply*
- Cell Movement
- Cytoskeletal Proteins/deficiency
- Cytoskeletal Proteins/genetics*
- Cytoskeletal Proteins/metabolism
- Evolution, Molecular
- Female
- Homozygote
- Humans
- Male
- Mutation/genetics*
- Phenotype
- Phylogeny
- Signal Transduction/genetics*
- Species Specificity
- Vascular Malformations/genetics*
- Vascular Malformations/metabolism
- Vascular Malformations/pathology
- Zebrafish/genetics
- Zebrafish/physiology
- rac GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics
- rac1 GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism*
- PubMed
- 27476657 Full text @ Am. J. Hum. Genet.
Citation
Cetinkaya, A., Xiong, J.R., Vargel, İ., Kösemehmetoğlu, K., Canter, H.İ., Gerdan, Ö.F., Longo, N., Alzahrani, A., Camps, M.P., Taskiran, E.Z., Laupheimer, S., Botto, L.D., Paramalingam, E., Gormez, Z., Uz, E., Yuksel, B., Ruacan, Ş., Sağıroğlu, M.Ş., Takahashi, T., Reversade, B., Akarsu, N.A. (2016) Loss-of-Function Mutations in ELMO2 Cause Intraosseous Vascular Malformation by Impeding RAC1 Signaling. American journal of human genetics. 99(2):299-317.
Abstract
Vascular malformations are non-neoplastic expansions of blood vessels that arise due to errors during angiogenesis. They are a heterogeneous group of sporadic or inherited vascular disorders characterized by localized lesions of arteriovenous, capillary, or lymphatic origin. Vascular malformations that occur inside bone tissue are rare. Herein, we report loss-of-function mutations in ELMO2 (which translates extracellular signals into cellular movements) that are causative for autosomal-recessive intraosseous vascular malformation (VMOS) in five different families. Individuals with VMOS suffer from life-threatening progressive expansion of the jaw, craniofacial, and other intramembranous bones caused by malformed blood vessels that lack a mature vascular smooth muscle layer. Analysis of primary fibroblasts from an affected individual showed that absence of ELMO2 correlated with a significant downregulation of binding partner DOCK1, resulting in deficient RAC1-dependent cell migration. Unexpectedly, elmo2-knockout zebrafish appeared phenotypically normal, suggesting that there might be human-specific ELMO2 requirements in bone vasculature homeostasis or genetic compensation by related genes. Comparative phylogenetic analysis indicated that elmo2 originated upon the appearance of intramembranous bones and the jaw in ancestral vertebrates, implying that elmo2 might have been involved in the evolution of these novel traits. The present findings highlight the necessity of ELMO2 for maintaining vascular integrity, specifically in intramembranous bones.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping