PUBLICATION

Loading of PAX3 to Mitotic Chromosomes Is Mediated by Arginine Methylation and Associated with Waardenburg Syndrome

Authors
Wu, T.F., Yao, Y.L., Lai, I.L., Lai, C.C., Lin, P.L., Yang, W.M.
ID
ZDB-PUB-150708-5
Date
2015
Source
The Journal of biological chemistry   290(33): 20556-64 (Journal)
Registered Authors
Keywords
PAX3, arginine methylation, chromosomes, homeobox, homeodomain, mitosis, mitotic chromosome, mutant, protein arginine N-methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), transcription factor
MeSH Terms
  • Animals
  • Arginine/metabolism*
  • Chromosomes, Human*
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Larva/metabolism
  • Methylation
  • Mitosis/genetics*
  • Paired Box Transcription Factors/genetics*
  • Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases/metabolism
  • Waardenburg Syndrome/genetics*
  • Zebrafish/growth & development
PubMed
26149688 Full text @ J. Biol. Chem.
Abstract
PAX3 is a transcription factor critical to gene regulation in mammalian development. Mutations in PAX3 are associated with Waardenburg syndrome (WS), but the mechanism of how mutant PAX3 proteins cause WS remains unclear. Here, we found that PAX3 loads on mitotic chromosomes using its homeodomain (HD). PAX3 WS mutants with mutations in HD lose the ability to bind mitotic chromosomes. Moreover, loading of PAX3 on mitotic chromosomes requires arginine methylation, which is regulated by methyltransferase PRMT5 and demethylase JMJD6. Mutant PAX3 proteins that lose mitotic chromosome localization block cell proliferation and normal development of zebrafish. These results reveal the molecular mechanism of PAX3's loading on mitotic chromosomes and the importance of this localization pattern in normal development. Our findings suggest that PAX3 WS mutants interfere with the normal functions of PAX3 in a dominant negative manner, which is important to the understanding of the pathogenesis of Waardenburg syndrome.
Genes / Markers
Figures
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Antibodies
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping