PUBLICATION
Spatiotemporal control of embryonic gene expression using caged morpholinos
- Authors
- Shestopalov, I.A., and Chen, J.K.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-110921-11
- Date
- 2011
- Source
- Methods in cell biology 104: 151-172 (Chapter)
- Registered Authors
- Chen, James K., Shestopalov, Ilya
- Keywords
- caged, embryo, gene regulation, morpholino, oligonucleotide, photoactivatable, zebrafish
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Body Patterning/genetics*
- Cross-Linking Reagents/radiation effects
- Fluorescein/chemistry
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect/methods
- Fluorescent Dyes/chemistry
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental*
- Gene Knockdown Techniques/methods*
- Gene Silencing
- Larva/genetics
- Microinjections/methods
- Morpholinos/chemical synthesis
- Morpholinos/isolation & purification
- Morpholinos/radiation effects*
- Transition Temperature
- Ultraviolet Rays
- Zebrafish/genetics
- PubMed
- 21924162 Full text @ Meth. Cell. Biol.
Citation
Shestopalov, I.A., and Chen, J.K. (2011) Spatiotemporal control of embryonic gene expression using caged morpholinos. Methods in cell biology. 104:151-172.
Abstract
Embryonic development depends on spatial and temporal control of gene function, and deciphering the molecular mechanisms that underlie pattern formation requires methods for perturbing gene expression with similar precision. Emerging chemical technologies can enable such perturbations, as exemplified by the use of caged morpholino (cMO) oligonucleotides to photo-inactivate genes in zebrafish embryos with spatiotemporal control. This chapter describes general principles for cMO design and methods for cMO assembly in three steps from commercially available reagents. Experimental techniques for the microinjection and photoactivation of these reagents are described in detail, as well as the preparation and application of caged fluorescein dextran (cFD) for labeling irradiated cells. Using these protocols, cMOs can be effective tools for functional genomic studies in zebrafish and other model organisms
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping