PUBLICATION
Electrochemical Quantification of Serotonin in the Live Embryonic Zebrafish Intestine
- Authors
- Njagi, J., Ball, M., Best, M., Wallace, K.N., and Andreescu, S.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-100223-8
- Date
- 2010
- Source
- Analytical chemistry 82(5): 1822-1830 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Wallace, Kenneth
- Keywords
- none
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Electrochemistry/methods*
- Intestines/chemistry*
- Intestines/embryology
- Serotonin/analysis*
- Zebrafish/embryology*
- PubMed
- 20148518 Full text @ Anal. Chem.
Citation
Njagi, J., Ball, M., Best, M., Wallace, K.N., and Andreescu, S. (2010) Electrochemical Quantification of Serotonin in the Live Embryonic Zebrafish Intestine. Analytical chemistry. 82(5):1822-1830.
Abstract
We monitored real-time in vivo levels of serotonin release in the digestive system of intact zebrafish embryos during early development (5 days postfertilization, dpf) using differential pulse voltammetry with implanted carbon fiber microelectrodes modified with carbon nanotubes dispersed in nafion. A detection limit of 1 nM, a linear range between 5 and 200 nM, and a sensitivity of 83.65 nA.muM(-1) were recorded. The microelectrodes were implanted at various locations in the intestine of zebrafish embryos. Serotonin levels of up to 29.9 (+/-1.13) nM were measured in vivo in normal physiological conditions. Measurements were performed in intact live embryos without additional perturbation beyond electrode insertion. The sensor was able to quantify pharmacological alterations in serotonin release and provide the longitudinal distribution of this neurotransmitter along the intestine with high spatial resolution. In the presence of fluvoxamine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), concentrations of 54.1 (+/-1.05) nM were recorded while in the presence of p-chloro-phenylalanine (PCPA), a tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor, the serotonin levels decreased to 7.2 (+/-0.45) nM. The variation of serotonin levels was correlated with immunohistochemical analysis. We have demonstrated the first use of electrochemical microsensors for in vivo monitoring of intestinal serotonin levels in intact zebrafish embryos.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping