PUBLICATION
A zebrafish retinal graded photochemical stress model
- Authors
- Eichenbaum, J.W., Cinaroglu, A., Eichenbaum, K.D., Sadler, K.C.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-090310-22
- Date
- 2009
- Source
- Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods 59(3): 121-127 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Cinaroglu, Ayca, Sadler Edepli, Kirsten C.
- Keywords
- Photochemical cellular stress, NMDA inhibitor, Genes in Retinal Degeneration, Zebrafish
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Disease Models, Animal*
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Injections
- Kynurenic Acid/analogs & derivatives
- Kynurenic Acid/pharmacology
- Light/adverse effects
- Microscopy, Electron
- Oxidative Stress
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/antagonists & inhibitors
- Retina/drug effects
- Retina/metabolism
- Retina/pathology
- Retinal Degeneration/chemically induced*
- Retinal Degeneration/metabolism
- Retinal Degeneration/pathology
- Rose Bengal
- Vitreous Body
- Zebrafish
- PubMed
- 19269339 Full text @ J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods
Citation
Eichenbaum, J.W., Cinaroglu, A., Eichenbaum, K.D., Sadler, K.C. (2009) A zebrafish retinal graded photochemical stress model. Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods. 59(3):121-127.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: In order to develop a model for investigating the genes that contribute to retinal degeneration, we examined the early graded photochemical stress response in the adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) retina and investigated the role of an NMDA inhibitor, thiokynurenate. METHODS: Following intravitreal injection of rose bengal (6 or 12 mg/ml), light (37x10(3) or 83x10(3) Lux) was directed onto the central retina with and without 400 nM thiokynurenate. Histologic and electron microscopic analysis was performed at 2 and 4 hours and gene expression analysis was carried out at 2, 4 and 6 hours. RESULTS: Light and electron microscopy demonstrated a graded photochemical response in photoreceptor, nuclear, and ganglion cell layer thickness. Increased vacuolation of the inner plexiform layer was also observed. The inhibitor produced a distinct lesion pattern. Cellular stress genes were elevated in low and high lesions, while some homeobox gene expression was reduced with thiokynurenate. DISCUSSION: The phenotypic and genetic changes observed from this model can serve as a basis for understanding the pathology of retinal oxidative and cellular stress. These changes may aid our understanding of aging and macular degeneration.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping