PUBLICATION
Evolution of vertebrate indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenases
- Authors
- Yuasa, H.J., Takubo, M., Takahashi, A., Hasegawa, T., Noma, H., and Suzuki, T.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-080228-1
- Date
- 2007
- Source
- Journal of molecular evolution 65(6): 705-714 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Keywords
- Bacterial expressionI, Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase, Tryptophan-degrading enzyme
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Anura
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Evolution, Molecular*
- Fishes
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/genetics*
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/metabolism
- Mice
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Phylogeny
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Tryptophan Oxygenase/genetics
- Tryptophan Oxygenase/metabolism
- Vertebrates/classification
- Vertebrates/genetics*
- Vertebrates/metabolism
- PubMed
- 18026683 Full text @ J. Mol. Evol.
Citation
Yuasa, H.J., Takubo, M., Takahashi, A., Hasegawa, T., Noma, H., and Suzuki, T. (2007) Evolution of vertebrate indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenases. Journal of molecular evolution. 65(6):705-714.
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) are tryptophan-degrading enzymes that catalyze the same reaction, the first step in tryptophan catabolism via the kynurenine pathway. TDO is widely distributed among life-forms, being found not only in eukaryotes but also in bacteria. In contrast, IDO has been found only in mammals and yeast to date. However, recent genome and EST projects have identified IDO homologues in non-mammals and found an IDO paralogue that is expressed in mice. In this study, we cloned the frog and fish IDO homologues and the mouse IDO paralogue, and characterized their enzymatic properties using recombinants. The IDOs of lower vertebrates and the mouse IDO paralogue had IDO activity but had 500-1000 times higher K(m) values and very low enzyme efficiency compared with mammalian IDOs. It appears that L-Trp is not a true substrate for these enzymes in vivo, although their actual function is unknown. On the phylogenetic tree, these low-activity IDOs, which we have named "proto-IDOs," formed a cluster that was distinct from the mammalian IDO cluster. The IDO and proto-IDO genes are present tandemly on the chromosomes of mammals, including the marsupial opossum, whereas only the proto-IDO gene is observed in chicken and fish genomes. These results suggest that (mammalian) IDOs arose from proto-IDOs by gene duplication that occurred before the divergence of marsupial and eutherian (placental) mammals in mammalian evolutionary history.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping