PUBLICATION

The adenomatous polyposis coli tumor suppressor gene regulates expression of cyclooxygenase-2 by a mechanism that involves retinoic Acid

Authors
Eisinger, A.L., Nadauld, L.D., Shelton, D.N., Peterson, P.W., Phelps, R.A., Chidester, S., Stafforini, D.M., Prescott, S.M., and Jones, D.A.
ID
ZDB-PUB-060526-2
Date
2006
Source
The Journal of biological chemistry   281(29): 20474-20482 (Journal)
Registered Authors
Keywords
none
MeSH Terms
  • Alternative Splicing
  • Animals
  • Base Sequence
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cyclooxygenase 2/genetics*
  • DNA Primers
  • Dinoprostone/metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
  • Genes, APC
  • Humans
  • Morpholines
  • RNA, Messenger/genetics
  • Tretinoin/physiology*
  • Wnt Proteins/genetics
  • Zebrafish
  • beta Catenin/physiology
PubMed
16699180 Full text @ J. Biol. Chem.
CTD
16699180
Abstract
Mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene result in uncontrolled proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells and are associated with the earliest stages of colorectal carcinogenesis. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is elevated in human colorectal cancers and plays an important role in colorectal tumorigenesis; however, the mechanisms by which APC mutations result in increased COX-2 expression remain unclear. We utilized APC mutant zebrafish and human cancer cells to investigate how APC modulates COX-2 expression. We report that COX-2 is upregulated in APC mutant zebrafish owing to a deficiency in retinoic acid biosynthesis. Treatment of both APC mutant zebrafish and human carcinoma cell lines with retinoic acid significantly reduces COX-2 expression. Retinoic acid regulates COX-2 levels by a mechanism that involves participation of the transcription factor C/EBP-beta. APC mutant zebrafish express higher levels of C/EBP-beta than wild-type animals and retinoic acid supplementation reduces C/EBP-beta expression to basal levels. Both morpholino knockdown of C/EBP-beta in APC mutant zebrafish and silencing of C/EBP-beta using siRNA in HT29 colon cancer cells robustly decreases COX-2 expression. Our findings support a sequence of events in which mutations in APC result in impaired retinoic acid biosynthesis, elevated levels of C/EBP-beta, upregulation of COX-2, increased PGE2 accumulation and activation of Wnt target genes.
Genes / Markers
Figures
Show all Figures
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Antibodies
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping