PUBLICATION
Evolution of New Hormone Function: Loss and Gain of a Receptor
- Authors
- Irwin, D.M., and Wong, K.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-050120-8
- Date
- 2005
- Source
- The Journal of heredity 96(3): 205-211 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Keywords
- none
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Chickens
- Evolution, Molecular*
- Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/genetics
- Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/physiology
- Glucagon-Like Peptide 2
- Glucagon-Like Peptides/genetics*
- Glucagon-Like Peptides/physiology
- Models, Genetic
- Phylogeny
- Receptors, Glucagon/genetics*
- Receptors, Glucagon/physiology
- Takifugu
- Xenopus
- Zebrafish
- PubMed
- 15653559 Full text @ J. Hered.
Citation
Irwin, D.M., and Wong, K. (2005) Evolution of New Hormone Function: Loss and Gain of a Receptor. The Journal of heredity. 96(3):205-211.
Abstract
The vertebrate proglucagon gene encodes three glucagon-like sequences (glucagon, glucagon-like peptide-1 [GLP-1], and glucagon-like peptide 2 [GLP-2]) that have distinct functions in regulating metabolism in mammals. In contrast, glucagon and GLP-1 have similar physiological actions in fish, that of mammalian glucagon. We have identified sequences similar to receptors for proglucagon-derived peptides from the genomes of two fish (pufferfish and zebrafish), a frog (Xenopus tropicalis), and a bird (chicken). Phylogenetic analysis of the receptor sequences suggested an explanation for the divergent function of GLP-1 in fish and mammals. The phylogeny of our predicted and characterized receptors for proglucagon-derived peptides demonstrate that receptors for glucagon, GLP-1, and GLP-2 have an origin before the divergence of fish and mammals; however, fish have lost the gene encoding the GLP-1 class of receptors, and likely the incretin action of GLP-1. Receptors that bind GLP-1, but yield glucagon-like action, have been characterized in goldfish and zebrafish, and these sequences are most closely related to glucagon receptors. Both pufferfish and zebrafish have a second glucagon receptor-like gene that is most closely related to the characterized goldfish glucagon receptor. The phylogeny of glucagon receptor-like genes in fish indicates that a duplication of the glucagon receptor gene occurred on the ancestral fish lineage, and could explain the shared action of glucagon and GLP-1. We suggest that the binding specificity of one of the duplicated glucagon receptors has diverged, yielding receptors for GLP-1 and glucagon, but that ancestral downstream signaling has been maintained, resulting in both receptors retaining glucagon-stimulated downstream effects.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping