ZFIN Image: Jiang et al., 2025, FIGURE 4

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FIGURE 4

Vitamin A improves neurodevelopment and the relative expression of dopamine-related genes. DMSO was used as the control group in this experiment. The 1 μM group represented the exposure group with a PFOS concentration of 1 μM, and the 5 μM group represented the exposure group with a PFOS concentration of 5 μM. “VA” refers to the vitamin A group; 1 μM + VA denotes the vitamin A intervention group with a PFOS concentration of 1 μM, and 5 μM + VA denotes the vitamin A intervention group with a PFOS concentration of 5 μM. (A–D) Expression of neurodevelopment-related genes (four genes, bdnf, elavl3, gfap and mbpa were detected). (E–K) The relative expression of genes related to dopamine pathway (th1, th2, drd1, drd2a, drd3, drd4a and dat were detected). (L) Dopamine content (n = 30 per group). These data are expressed as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001 versus DMSO group.

Acknowledgments

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