ZFIN Image: Sun et al., 2025, Figure 3

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Figure 3

Insecticidal effects and LD₅₀ values of crude venom from five species of vermivorous cone snail on Spodoptera litura larvae at various concentrations. (a–e) The insecticidal effects of crude venoms from C. quercinus, C. tesselatus, C. caracteristicus, C. betulinus, and C. generalis on Spodoptera litura at a specified concentration, n = 3. (f) The LD₅₀ values of these five species of vermivorous cone snail against Spodoptera litura larvae at varying concentrations. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001 versus blank control (BC) group.

Acknowledgments

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