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Fig. 4 Medium type induces hypoactivity and hyperactivity in general locomotor behaviors. (A) Total distance time plot during 18.5 min of recording in 1 × E3- and 1 × E2-treated larvae (mean ± SEM). (B) Sum of distance traveled for individual larvae, normalized to 1 × E3 (1 × E3: n = 398; 1 × E3 MB: n = 382; 1 × E2: n = 193; 1 × E2 MB: n = 265; 0.5 × E2 MB: n = 72; Ringer's: n = 154; Hi Ca2+ Ringer's: n = 140; Bath Solution: n = 69; Hank's: n = 36; Sys H2O: n = 141; Egg H2O: n = 36). (C) Swim and (D) turn frequencies. Asterisks represent statistical significance for medium type compared to 1 × E3 (mean ± SD, Wilcoxon/Kruskal–Wallis tests with Wilcoxon Each Pair for nonparametric multiple comparisons, *p < 0.01, **p < 0.001, ***p < 0.0001).