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Figure 2

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Publication: Mazumdar et al., 2023 - Loss of Nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase sensitizes embryos to ethanol-induced neural crest and neural apoptosis via generation of reactive oxygen species
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Figure 2

Loss of nnt sensitizes embryos to ethanol teratogenesis. (A–D) Alcian Blue/Alizarian Red-stained zebrafish at 5 dpf treated from 6 hpf- 5 dpf. All images are ventral views with anterior to the left. (A,B) Control and ethanol-treated wildtypes and (C,D)nnt mutants. Both the untreated and 1% ethanol dosed wt embryos appear phenotypically normal. (C) Untreated nnt mutant with a typical phenotype akin to wt. (D) Ethanol-exposed nnt mutant zebrafish with aberrant craniofacial phenotype consisting of a hypoplastic Meckel’s cartilage (yellow arrow), deformed ceratohyal (red arrow), microphthalmia, and microcephaly. (E) Quantification of the percentage of fish with craniofacial defects in each group (Fischer’s exact test, n ≥ 20 per group, ****p < .0001). Only ethanol-treated mutants displayed craniofacial defects, a statistically significant increase. EtOH: ethanol, Ctrl: control, mut: mutant, het: heterozygote, Wt: wildtype.

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