Fig. 5
A Representative OCR experiments were analyzed in liver organoids treated with PBS, or 5 mM D-2-HG, using the Seahorse XF96 extracellular flux analyzer. Each group, n = 6?10. B Levels of mitochondrial respiratory function: basal respiration (OCR-BASAL), ATP production (OCR-ATP), maximal respiration (OCR-MMR), and spare respiratory capacity (OCR-SRC) in liver organoids. C Representative ECAR experiments performed on liver organoids treated with PBS or 5 mM D-2-HG. D Levels of glycolysis and maximal glycolytic capacity in liver organoids. E At 4 h after PBS or 5 mM D-2-HG exposure, the proteins of the EpCAM+ cells were extracted for western blotting (WB). The WB was used to determine the amounts of P-AMPK, AMPK, and ATPB (n = 3). ns, not significant, *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001.