Direct metabolites of glyoxylate do not rescue with comparable efficacy. (A) Metabolite profiling was performed on serial plasma samples collected from rabbits at baseline, during cyanide exposure, and subsequent to i.m. administration of glyoxylate. The pharmacokinetic profile of exogenous glyoxylate is depicted in blue. Data are represented as mean fold change from baseline ± SEM, N = 9. (B) Dose-dependent survival of 5 dpf zebrafish embryos treated with metabolites closely related to glyoxylate through multiple metabolic pathways. Oxaloacetate was 100% lethal at the two highest doses. These data points were removed to preserve an accurate dose–response curve. 3 fish per well, N = 3 wells. Data presented as mean ± SEM.
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