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Fig. 1 (A) Relationship of classic photosensitizer chemical structures to parent fluorophores. Eosin (2) and Rose Bengal (3) are halogenated derivatives of fluorescein (1) and methylene blue (5) is a sulfur-containing analog of oxazine 1 (4). (B) Iodination of JF549 (6) to yield JF567 (7) and organolithium-mediated reaction of 8 and 9 to yield JF570 (10). (C and D) Normalized fluorescence excitation (ex) and emission (em) spectra of (C) 7 and (D) 10. (E) Table of photophysical properties for eosin (2), JF549 (6), JF567 (7), and JF570 (10). Notes: adata for 2 taken from (Fleming et al., 1977; Gandin et al., 1983; Seybold et al., 1969); bdata for 6 taken from (Grimm et al., 2015, 2017b); cϵmax measured in trifluoroethanol + 0.1% (v/v) trifluoroacetic acid; and dKL–Z measured in 1:1 (v/v) dioxane:water.