Figure 2

Figure 2

S. mansoni Eggs Induce Epithelioid Granulomas in Larval Zebrafish

(A) Time-lapse microscopy of egg monitored at 2-day intervals from 1–7 dpi showing in the four panels, respectively, sequential macrophage recruitment, aggregation (blue arrowhead), formation of the partial granuloma (white arrowhead), and its expansion to encase the egg. Scale bar, 25 μm.

(B) Epithelioid granuloma immunostained using E-cadherin antibody. Scale bar, 50 μm.

(C) Confocal images of granulomas in representative transgenic zebrafish larvae with red-fluorescent macrophages (MΦ) and green-fluorescent neutrophils (Ne) at 5 dpi with S. mansoni eggs (Sm) (left) or 5 days post-infection with M. marinum (Mm) (right). Scale bar, 50 μm.

(D) Quantification of neutrophils recruited to Sm and Mm granulomas.

(E) Quantification of phagocytes recruited to Sm and P. aeruginosa (Pa) 6 h post-injection.

(F) Confocal images of HBV of representative larvae showing phagocyte recruitment at 6 h post-injection with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) (left), S. mansoni SEA or P.aeruginosa. Scale bar, 100 μm.

(G) Quantification of phagocytes recruited to Sm and P.aeruginosa (Pa) at 6 h post-injection. Horizontal lines in (D, E, and G) depict mean values. Student’s t test (D) or one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's post-test (E and G). Experiments in (A, B, and E) were done once each, those in (C, D, F, and G) are representative of two experiments. Also see Figures S2 and S3; Video S2.