Temporal and spatial dynamics of Nodal signaling in blastoderm explants.
(A) Expression of sqt, as determined by whole mount in situ hybridization in 50% epiboly embryos (side view) and blastoderm explants (side view). (B) Expression of cyc, as determined by whole mount in situ hybridization in shield stage embryos (dorsal view) and blastoderm explants (side view). (A-B) The proportion of embryos or blastoderm explants with a phenotype similar to the images shown is indicated in the lower right corner (sqt: embryos, n = 29, N = 4, explants, n = 44, N = 4; cyc: embryos, n = 27, N = 4, explants, n = 24, N = 4). (C) High-resolution fluorescence images of stage-matched embryos (side view) and blastoderm explants (top view) at high (embryos: n = 13, N = 3; explants: n = 22, N = 3) and sphere (embryos: n = 16, N = 3; explants: n = 29, N = 3) stage stained for both pSMAD2/3 (pink) and DAPI (grey). Nuclear pSMAD2/3 is color-coded using a fire lookup table (highest intensities in yellow) and was masked based on the DAPI signal. Insets are zoom-in images of the highlighted regions (dashed boxes). Yellow circles denote the wounding site in explants. The proportion of embryos and explants with a phenotype similar to the images shown is indicated in the lower left corner. (D) High-resolution fluorescence images of stage-matched embryos and blastoderm explants expressing gsc::GFP-CAAX, at 50% epiboly (embryos: n = 12, N = 4; explants: n = 21, N = 4), germ ring (embryos: n = 16, N = 4; explants: n = 25, N = 4) and shield stage (embryos: n = 6, N = 3; explants: n = 10, N = 3). Embryos are shown from the dorsal side, and explants are shown as top views. Images correspond to the embryos and explants shown in Figure 2A. (E-J) Normalized intensity of pSMAD2/3 positive nuclei as a function of the distance to the YSL (embryos) or the wounding site (explants), expressed as cell tiers, at 50% epiboly (E,H; embryos: n = 7, N = 3; explants: n = 10, N = 3), germ ring (F,I; embryos: n = 10, N = 4; explants: n = 10, N = 4) and shield stage (G,J; embryos: n = 6, N = 3; explants: n = 8, N = 3). Scale bars: 200 µm (A,B), 100 µm (C,D).
Temporal and spatial dynamics of Nodal signaling in the intact embryo and blastoderm explants.
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