Figure 2

Figure 2

LPA₂ increases, but LPA₃ suppresses ROS buildup in Progerin HEK293 cells. (a) By flow cytometry, CM‐DCFDA staining results show that activating LPA₂ by 5 μM GRI for 24 hr increased ROS levels in both Lamin A and Progerin HEK293 cells. (b) Activating LPA₃ by 100 nM OMPT for 24 hr decreased ROS levels in both Lamin A and Progerin HEK293 cells (c) Knockdown of LPA₂ by shRNA (shLPA₂) reduced ROS levels, but knockdown of LPA₃ by shRNA (shLPA₃) increased ROS levels in Progerin HEK293 cells. (d) Overexpression of LPA₃ reduced ROS levels in Progerin HEK293 cells. (e) After 48 hr of 5 μM GRI and 100 nM OMPT, Western blot results showed that activation of LPA₃, but not LPA₂, induced expression of the antioxidant mediators Nrf2, NQO1, SOD2, and Gpx1 in Progerin HEK293 cells. Actin was used as the loading control. ANOVA and Student's t test; *p < .05, ***p < .001