Figure 4

Figure 4

Identification of pathways and genes modulated by AMPK. A, B) Gene enrichment analysis of the 991-responsive signature in MEFs (A) and mouse primary hepatocytes (B). DAVID was used to explore the gene ontology terms associated to the AMPK-regulated genes. The bars represent the negative log₁₀ (P value) of enriched terms, indicating the significance of association between the gene list and an indicated ontology term. C, D) Relative mRNA levels of the indicated genes are displayed following qPCR analysis in MEFs (C) and primary hepatocytes (D). AMPKα1α2^+/+ or AMPKα1α2^−/− MEFs were stimulated with 10 µM 991 or 2 mM AICAR for 4 h, and AMPKα1α2^+/+ or AMPKα1α2^−/− hepatocytes were treated with 3 µM 991 or 300 µM AICAR for 4 h. The color corresponds to the 2 treatment conditions and 2 cellular models, as indicated in the figure. Values are represented as log₂ fold-change of the mean ± sd (n = 9). The gray shaded area indicates the log₂ fold-change threshold of ±0.37. For the analysis, a 2-way ANOVA with interaction was fit to log-transformed data. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.