Fig. 6
Vegetal RNAs antagonise the dorsalising and BMP-inhibiting activity of Vrtn. (A) Western blotting at 50% epiboly shows the rescue of P-Smad1/5/8 levels in Vrtn-overexpressing embryos by vegetal RNAs from the two- to four-cell stage. (B) P-Smad1/5/8 level is normalised to ?-actin and quantified with respect to uninjected embryos. Data are meanħs.d. from four independent experiments. (C) Western blotting shows the temporal regulation of Vrtn activity by vegetal RNAs. (D) Quantification of P-Smad1/5/8 level. Vegetal RNAs from 64- or 1000-cell stages show no effect on Vrtn-inhibited P-Smad1/5/8 levels. Data are meanħs.d. from three independent experiments. (E,F) Representative embryos at 24?hpf and statistical analysis show that vegetal RNAs counterbalance Vrtn-mediated dorsalisation. Numbers at the top indicate total embryos from two independent experiments. Scale bar: 200?µm.