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Fig. 6
Vegetal RNAs antagonise the dorsalising and BMP-inhibiting activity of Vrtn. (A) Western blotting at 50% epiboly shows the rescue of P-Smad1/5/8 levels in Vrtn-overexpressing embryos by vegetal RNAs from the two- to four-cell stage. (B) P-Smad1/5/8 level is normalised to β-actin and quantified with respect to uninjected embryos. Data are mean±s.d. from four independent experiments. (C) Western blotting shows the temporal regulation of Vrtn activity by vegetal RNAs. (D) Quantification of P-Smad1/5/8 level. Vegetal RNAs from 64- or 1000-cell stages show no effect on Vrtn-inhibited P-Smad1/5/8 levels. Data are mean±s.d. from three independent experiments. (E,F) Representative embryos at 24 hpf and statistical analysis show that vegetal RNAs counterbalance Vrtn-mediated dorsalisation. Numbers at the top indicate total embryos from two independent experiments. Scale bar: 200 µm.