ZFIN Image: Dworkin et al., 2014, Fig. 6

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Fig. 6

Endodermal edn1 is required for NCC maintenance in the pharyngeal arches. (A-D) EdU incorporation analysis (48 hpf) shows that grhl3-morphants exhibit decreased proliferation in the lower-jaw primordium of the pharyngeal arches (dotted regions) relative to controls (A and B′); this proliferation is restored to WT levels in edn1-rescued grhl3-morphants (C-C′). These data were quantitated using unpaired t-test with Welch’s correction (D). (E) Our model suggests that endodermal edn1, regulated by grhl3, is required in order to provide pro-proliferative/survival signals for NCCs within the pharyngeal arches. This interaction may be direct, via homeostatic maintenance of total pharyngeal edn1-signalling, or through both mechanisms, in order to provide to allow subsequent NCC differentiation into the complete craniofacial skeleton.

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Acknowledgments

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Reprinted from Mechanisms of Development, 133, Dworkin, S., Simkin, J., Darido, C., Partridge, D.D., Georgy, S.R., Caddy, J., Wilanowski, T., Lieschke, G.J., Doggett, K., Heath, J.K., Jane, S.M., Grainyhead-like 3 regulation of endothelin-1 in the pharyngeal endoderm is critical for growth and development of the craniofacial skeleton, 77-90, Copyright (2014) with permission from Elsevier. Full text @ Mech. Dev.