UniProt ID: P35359 |
FUNCTION: Photoreceptor required for image-forming vision at low light intensity. While most salt water fish species use retinal as chromophore, most freshwater fish use 3-dehydroretinal, or a mixture of retinal and 3-dehydroretinal (By similarity). Light-induced isomerization of 11-cis to all-trans retinal triggers a conformational change that activates signaling via G-proteins. Subsequent receptor phosphorylation mediates displacement of the bound G-protein alpha subunit by arrestin and terminates signaling (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02699, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08100, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P32309}. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08100}; Multi- pass membrane protein {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08100}. Cell projection, cilium, photoreceptor outer segment {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10349976}. Note=Synthesized in the inner segment (IS) of rod photoreceptor cells before vectorial transport to disk membranes in the rod outer segment (OS) photosensory cilia. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08100}. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Retinal rod photoreceptor cells, predominantly in the outer segments (at protein level) (PubMed:10349976). Retinal rod photoreceptor cells (PubMed:8327475, PubMed:8603882). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10349976, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8327475, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8603882}. DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: First detected at 51 hours post-fertilization (hpf) in the ventral retina. At 60 hpf, expressed in a strip across the ventrotemporal retina. By 96 hpf, also expressed in the dorsal retina. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8924413}. PTM: Phosphorylated on some or all of the serine and threonine residues present in the C-terminal region. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02699}. PTM: Contains one covalently linked retinal chromophore. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02699}. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Opsin subfamily. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00521}. CAUTION: Was originally (PubMed:8327475, PubMed:8924413) thought to be an ultraviolet-sensitive opsin present in short single cones. {ECO:0000305}. |
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