UniProt ID: Q6P026 |
FUNCTION: Non-specific DNA-binding protein that plays key roles in mitotic nuclear reassembly, chromatin organization, DNA damage response, gene expression and intrinsic immunity against foreign DNA. Contains two non-specific double-stranded DNA (dsDNA)-binding sites which promote DNA cross-bridging. Plays a key role in nuclear membrane reformation at the end of mitosis by driving formation of a single nucleus in a spindle-independent manner. Transiently cross-bridges anaphase chromosomes via its ability to bridge distant DNA sites, leading to the formation of a dense chromatin network at the chromosome ensemble surface that limits membranes to the surface. Also acts as a negative regulator of innate immune activation by restricting CGAS activity toward self-DNA upon acute loss of nuclear membrane integrity. Outcompetes CGAS for DNA-binding, thereby preventing CGAS activation and subsequent damaging autoinflammatory responses. Also involved in DNA damage response; acts by inhibiting the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of PARP1. Involved in the recognition of exogenous dsDNA in the cytosol: associates with exogenous dsDNA immediately after its appearance in the cytosol at endosome breakdown and is required to avoid autophagy. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O75531}. SUBUNIT: Homodimer. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O75531}. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O75531}. Chromosome {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O75531}. Nucleus envelope {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O75531}. Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O75531}. Note=Significantly enriched at the nuclear inner membrane, diffusely throughout the nucleus during interphase and concentrated at the chromosomes during the M-phase. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O75531}. DOMAIN: Has a helix-hairpin-helix (HhH) structural motif conserved among proteins that bind non-specifically to DNA. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O75531}. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the BAF family. {ECO:0000305}. |
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