FIGURE SUMMARY
Title

Exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) decreases neutrophil migration response to injury in zebrafish embryos

Authors
Pecquet, A.M., Maier, A., Kasper, S., Sumanas, S., Yadav, J.
Source
Full text @ BMC Res. Notes

Concentration–response graph showing acute toxicity and the 48-h LC50 of PFOA in zebrafish embryos. Concentration of PFOA (X-axis) plotted by the probability of mortality (Y-axis) in zebrafish embryos exposed for 48 h resulted in a derived LC50 of 300 mg/L using the ecotoxicity package in R. Each data point represents the average of the replicates from one experiment, and data are presented from five repeated experiments using a range of PFOA concentrations. Each concentration was tested a minimum of three times. Note that the high concentrations all had 100% mortality and those data points overlap

Zebrafish embryos treated with PFOA showed a significant decrease in neutrophil accumulation following wounding. The zebrafish chemotaxis assay showed that PFOA treatment reduced the neutrophil number migrating to the wound site in 48-hpf zebrafish embryos. a–c, Representative images of ISH-tagged neutrophils migrating to the wound region (dotted line), where a wounded embryos treated with vehicle control (DMSO) (n = 36); b wounded embryos treated with PFOA concentration at 0.5 mg/L (n = 35); and c wounded embryos treated with PFOA concentration at 5.0 mg/L (n = 31). d) The averaged quantification of neutrophil migration in each treatment (error bars represent standard deviation across three replicate experiments). Neutrophil migration in both 0.5 and 5.0 mg/L PFOA was significantly decreased when compared to control using ANOVA, with p-values of 0.0025 and < 0.0001, respectively. The DMSO control never exceeded 0.5% v/v and was constant across all treatments. See Additional file 1: File S1 for detailed methodology

Acknowledgments
This image is the copyrighted work of the attributed author or publisher, and ZFIN has permission only to display this image to its users. Additional permissions should be obtained from the applicable author or publisher of the image. Full text @ BMC Res. Notes