FIGURE SUMMARY
Title

Beta-cell excitability and excitability-driven diabetes in adult Zebrafish islets

Authors
Emfinger, C.H., Lőrincz, R., Wang, Y., York, N.W., Singareddy, S.S., Ikle, J.M., Tryon, R.C., McClenaghan, C., Shyr, Z.A., Huang, Y., Reissaus, C.A., Meyer, D., Piston, D.W., Hyrc, K., Remedi, M.S., Nichols, C.G.
Source
Full text @ Physiol. Rep.

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EXPRESSION / LABELING:
Gene:
Antibody:
Fish:
Anatomical Term:
Stage: Adult

Intracellular [Ca2+] in adult islets is glucose‐sensitive. (A, left) Islets were imaged in microchambers (~4 μL) cored out of agar, on the bottom of a petri dish. Flow of bulk solution into and out of the dish (~1 mL) was controlled as indicated. (right) GCaMP fluorescence and anti‐insulin staining in representative islet, together with overlay (GCamp fluorescence green, anti‐insulin red). (B) Individual frames of islets at low (2 mmol/L) and high (20 mmol/L) glucose (middle), and in 20 mmol/L glucose plus 30 mmol/L KCl (right). (C) Representative fluorescence traces from individual islets, normalized to initial fluorescence (relative fluorescence units, RFU), during transitions from low glucose to 20 mmol/L d‐ or l‐glucose, and 20 mmol/L glucose plus 30 mmol/L KCl, in absence or presence of diazoxide, as indicated. (D) Summary of calcium responses to high 2 or 20 mmol/L d‐ or l‐glucose, or 20 glucose plus 30 mmol/L KCl, in absence or presence of diazoxide, as indicated from experiments as in C (N = 6–10 in each case). (**) P < 0.05.

Islet KATP‐GOF results in profound diabetes. (A) Transgenic strategy for conditional KATP‐GOF expression in zebrafish islet. mCherry, expressed under insulin promoter control (upper panel), is excised and KATP‐GOF construct is expressed, after (lower left panel) Cre recombination. A F2 larva is shown in the right lower panel, with the islet highlighted in the yellow circle. (B) GFP (left column) and bright‐field (right column) images of dissected islets from adult control, uninduced KATP‐GOF and induced KATP‐GOF fish (images taken at 12 × ). (C) Random blood glucose levels in controls (N = 25), uninduced (N = 15), and induced (5 days heat‐shock, N = 24) KATP‐GOF zebrafish. In control and induced fish, blood glucose were measured 2 days after the last heat shock. (D) Time course of change in blood glucose following KATP‐GOF induction. (E) Glucose levels in adult (10 week old) KATP‐GOF fish are similarly elevated, whether induced as larvae (N = 4), or as adults (N = 15).

Acknowledgments
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