PUBLICATION
Endogenous retinoids in the zebrafish embryo and adult
- Authors
- Costaridis, P., Horton, C., Zeitlinger, J., Holder, N., and Maden, M.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-961014-188
- Date
- 1996
- Source
- Developmental Dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 205: 41-51 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Holder, Nigel
- Keywords
- none
- MeSH Terms
-
- Alcohol Dehydrogenase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Aldehyde Oxidoreductases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Animals
- Antimetabolites/pharmacology
- Disulfiram/pharmacology
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Immunohistochemistry
- Pyrazoles/pharmacology
- Retinal Dehydrogenase
- Retinaldehyde/metabolism
- Retinoids/metabolism*
- Stereoisomerism
- Tretinoin/analogs & derivatives
- Tretinoin/chemistry
- Tretinoin/metabolism
- Vitamin A/analogs & derivatives
- Vitamin A/metabolism
- Zebrafish/embryology*
- Zebrafish/growth & development
- Zebrafish/metabolism*
- PubMed
- 8770550 Full text @ Dev. Dyn.
Citation
Costaridis, P., Horton, C., Zeitlinger, J., Holder, N., and Maden, M. (1996) Endogenous retinoids in the zebrafish embryo and adult. Developmental Dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists. 205:41-51.
Abstract
Retinoic acid and its isoforms are considered to be endogenous compounds which regulate embryonic development. In the work reported here we have determined which retinoids are present in zebrafish embryos and how their levels change throughout development and into adulthood. All-trans-RA is present and its level does not change significantly during embryogenesis. We failed to detect other retinoic acid isomers such as 9-cis-RA and 4-oxo-RA, but we did observe a rapid rise in the level of didehydroretinol after gastrulation. The most striking result is that the zebrafish embryo, like Xenopus and tunicates, contains a vast excess of t-retinal whereas the embryos of higher vertebrates have an excess of t-retinol. However, as the zebrafish grows, the levels of t-retinol rise so that by adulthood t-retinol and t-retinal concentrations are more equivalent, indicating a changing pattern of retinoid metabolism with growth. To examine the significance of the use of t-retinal as a precursor of t-RA we treated embryos with disulphiram, an inhibitor of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase. This resulted in embryos with an undulating notochord and correspondingly abnormal somites and ventral floor plate. In contrast to this effect, 4-methylpyrazole, which inhibits alcohol dehydrogenases, had no effect on development. This effect of disulphiram suggests that t-RA may be involved in the establishment of the anteroposterior axis of the embryo.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping