PUBLICATION

Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity reduction of the polluted urban river after ecological restoration: a field-scale study of Jialu River in northern China

Authors
Sun, J., Zhang, R., Qin, L., Zhu, H., Huang, Y., Xue, Y., An, S., Xie, X., Li, A.
ID
ZDB-PUB-170117-5
Date
2017
Source
Environmental science and pollution research international   24(7): 6715-6723 (Journal)
Registered Authors
Zhang, Rui
Keywords
8-OHdG, Cytotoxicity, Ecological restoration, Genotoxicity, Reclaimed wastewater, Urban river
MeSH Terms
  • Ammonia/analysis
  • Animals
  • Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis
  • China
  • Cities
  • DNA Damage
  • Ecosystem
  • Environmental Restoration and Remediation
  • Fishes
  • Liver/drug effects
  • Mutagenicity Tests
  • Rivers*
  • Salmonella typhimurium/genetics
  • Wastewater/analysis
  • Wastewater/toxicity*
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity*
  • Water Purification
  • Water Quality
  • Zebrafish/genetics
PubMed
28091988 Full text @ Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int.
Abstract
To further treat the reclaimed municipal wastewater and rehabilitate the aquatic ecosystem of polluted urban rivers, an 18.5-km field-scale ecological restoration project was constructed along Jialu River, a polluted urban river which receives only reclaimed municipal wastewater from Zhengzhou City without natural upland water dilution. This study investigated the potential efficiency of water quality improvement, as well as genotoxicity and cytotoxicity reduction along the ecological restoration project of this polluted urban river. Results showed that the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) of the reclaimed municipal effluent were reduced by more than 45 and 70%, respectively, meeting the Chinese surface water environmental quality standard level IV, while the total phosphorus and metal concentrations had no significant reduction along the restoration project, and Pb concentrations in all river water samples exceeded permissible limit in drinking water set by WHO (2006) and China (GB5749-2006). The in vitro SOS/umu assay showed 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide equivalent (4-NQO-EQ) values of reclaimed municipal wastewater of 0.69 ± 0.05 μg/L in April and 0.68 ± 0.06 μg/L in December, respectively, indicating the presence of genotoxic compounds. The results of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and hepatic cell apoptosis in zebrafish after a chorionic long-term (21 days) in vivo exposure also demonstrated that the reclaimed municipal wastewater caused significant DNA oxidative damage and cytotoxicity. After the ecological purification of 18.5-km field-scale restoration project, the genotoxicity assessed by in vitro assay was negligible, while the DNA oxidative damage and cytotoxicity in exposed fish were still significantly elevated. The mechanisms of DNA oxidative damage and cytotoxicity caused by the reclaimed municipal wastewater need further study.
Genes / Markers
Figures
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Antibodies
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping