PUBLICATION
Microarray profiling reveals CXCR4a is downregulated by blood flow in vivo and mediates collateral formation in zebrafish embryos
- Authors
- Packham, I.M., Gray, C., Heath, P.R., Hellewell, P.G., Ingham, P.W., Crossman, D.C., Milo, M., and Chico, T.J.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-090616-48
- Date
- 2009
- Source
- Physiological Genomics 38(3): 319-327 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Chico, Tim J., Gray, Caroline, Ingham, Philip
- Keywords
- none
- Datasets
- GEO:GSE16740
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Arterioles/growth & development
- Blood Flow Velocity
- Cluster Analysis
- Collateral Circulation
- Down-Regulation
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/embryology
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/metabolism*
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling*
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Gene Knockdown Techniques/methods
- In Situ Hybridization
- Male
- Myocardial Contraction
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis/methods*
- Oligonucleotides, Antisense
- Receptors, CXCR4/genetics*
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Troponin T/genetics
- Zebrafish/embryology
- Zebrafish/genetics*
- Zebrafish Proteins/genetics*
- PubMed
- 19509081 Full text @ Physiol. Genomics
Citation
Packham, I.M., Gray, C., Heath, P.R., Hellewell, P.G., Ingham, P.W., Crossman, D.C., Milo, M., and Chico, T.J. (2009) Microarray profiling reveals CXCR4a is downregulated by blood flow in vivo and mediates collateral formation in zebrafish embryos. Physiological Genomics. 38(3):319-327.
Abstract
The response to hemodynamic force is implicated in a number of pathologies including collateral vessel development. However, the transcriptional effect of hemodynamic force is extremely challenging to examine in vivo in mammals without also detecting confounding processes such as hypoxia and ischemia. We therefore serially examined the transcriptional effect of preventing cardiac contraction in zebrafish embryos which can be deprived of circulation without experiencing hypoxia since they obtain sufficient oxygenation by diffusion. Morpholino antisense knockdown of cardiac troponin T2 (tnnt2) prevented cardiac contraction without affecting vascular development. Gene expression in whole embryo RNA from tnnt2 or control morphants at 36, 48, and 60 hours post fertilisation was assessed using Affymetrix GeneChip Zebrafish Genome Arrays (>14,900 transcripts). We identified 308 differentially-expressed genes between tnnt2 and control morphants. One such (CXCR4a) was significantly more highly expressed in tnnt2 morphants at 48 and 60hpf than controls. In situ hybridisation localised CXCR4a upregulation to endothelium of both tnnt2 morphants and gridlock mutants (which have an occluded aorta preventing distal blood flow). This upregulation appears to be of functional significance as either CXCR4a knockdown or pharmacologic inhibition impaired the ability of gridlock mutants to recover blood flow via collateral vessels. We conclude absence of hemodynamic force induces endothelial CXCR4a up-regulation that promotes recovery of blood flow. Key words: blood flow, collateral development, zebrafish, microarray.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping