PUBLICATION

Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors

Authors
Hla, T.
ID
ZDB-PUB-010511-10
Date
2001
Source
Prostaglandins   64(1-4): 135-142 (Review)
Registered Authors
Keywords
none
MeSH Terms
  • Lysophospholipids*
  • Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism*
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled*
  • Receptors, Lysophospholipid
  • Signal Transduction
  • Sphingosine/analogs & derivatives
  • Sphingosine/metabolism*
PubMed
11324703 Full text @ Prostaglandins
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (SPP) is a bioactive lipid produced from the metabolism of sphingomyelin. It is an important constituent of serum and regulates cell growth, survival, migration, differentiation and gene expression. Its mode of action has been enigmatic; however, recent findings have shown that a family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) of the endothelial differentiation gene (EDG) family serve as plasma membrane-localized receptors for SPP. Furthermore, the EDG receptors appear to be SPP receptor subtypes with distinct signaling characteristics. In vascular endothelial cells, SPP acts on EDG-1 and EDG-3 subtypes of receptors to induce cell survival and morphogenesis. Such pathways appear to be critical for SPP-induced angiogenic response in vivo. In addition, the EDG-1 gene is essential for vascular maturation in development. Moreover, developmental studies in Zebrafish have indicated that SPP signaling via the EDG-5 like receptor Miles Apart (Mil) is essential for heart development. These data strongly suggest that a physiological role of SPP is in the formation of the cardiovascular system. Despite these recent findings, much needs to be clarified with respect to the physiological role of SPP synthesis and action. This review will focus on the recent findings on SPP receptors and the effects on the cardiovascular system.
Genes / Markers
Figures
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Antibodies
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping